Title Details: | |
Representation of spatial concepts and data structures |
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Authors: |
Kavouras, Marinos Darra, Athanasia Kontaxaki, Sofia Tomai, Eleni |
Reviewer: |
Kokla, Margarita |
Description: | |
Abstract: |
The purpose of this chapter is to describe ways of representing geometric and thematic information. The two basic models of representation are analyzed: the field model and the object model, and cases of utilization of one or the other. Two geometric structures have been developed to implement the geospatial data representation models: the vector and the normalized structures, which are extensively presented in this chapter, giving their definitions, their properties, examples of their use and ways of managing them. The advantages and disadvantages of each structure are also commented on, their critical evaluation is made, and ways of converting from one to the other are mentioned. In addition, this chapter introduces one of the most important relationships supported in spatial databases, topology. First, the definition of topology is given, the properties of topological structure are discussed, and its advantages over the way it handles the geometric properties of objects are discussed, in order to demonstrate the necessity of structuring topology on vector data. In addition, the process and techniques of topology building for: point, linear and surface vector data are described. In addition to the classical distinction between normalized and vector structure and the corresponding models (fields, objects), two advanced structures, used in special data cases and for specific GIS applications, are also presented: the Irregular Triangle Network and Thiessen polygons. Furthermore, hierarchical ways of organizing (e.g. R-tree, quadtree), scanning (e.g. Morton's tree) and compressing (e.g. chain coding) data according to their structure are discussed. Finally, examples of the use of the structures are given and their advantages are discussed.
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Technical Editors: |
Baglatzi, Alkyoni Brailas, Ioannis Charcharos, Christos |
Type: |
Chapter |
Creation Date: | 08-07-2016 |
Item Details: | |
License: |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/gr |
Handle | http://hdl.handle.net/11419/6394 |
Bibliographic Reference: | Kavouras, M., Darra, A., Kontaxaki, S., & Tomai, E. (2016). Representation of spatial concepts and data structures [Chapter]. In Kavouras, M., Darra, A., Kontaxaki, S., & Tomai, E. 2016. Geographic Information Science - Principles and Technologies [Undergraduate textbook]. Kallipos, Open Academic Editions. https://hdl.handle.net/11419/6394 |
Language: |
Greek |
Is Part of: |
Geographic Information Science - Principles and Technologies |