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Title Details:
Analysis of genetic diversity
Authors: Nikolaou, Christoforos
Chouvardas, Panagiotis
Reviewer: Bagkos, Panteleimon
Description:
Abstract:
Having studied the variations of biological sequences at the species level in Chapter 6, in this chapter we focus on the analysis of genetic diversity at the population level. The scope of this topic requires an initial summary of basic biological concepts such as populations, heterozygosity, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). After describing the theory behind calculating allele frequencies, we focus on the central biological problem of this chapter, which is the analysis of data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Within this context, we analyze the mathematical concepts of odds ratios and relevant statistical methodologies such as Fisher’s test, as well as ways to represent the data from such analyses (Manhattan plots). Finally, we present modern methodologies for analyzing genetic diversity at the individual level, with emphasis on whole-exome sequencing, and examine how it can be used to study rare genetic diseases. By the end of this chapter, you should be able to: Describe the levels at which genetic diversity manifests. Calculate genotype frequencies based on allele frequencies. Define concepts such as “haplotype” and “linkage disequilibrium.” Explain the basis of genome-wide association study methodology and calculate the statistical significance of results from a GWAS. Distinguish between whole-genome sequencing and whole-exome sequencing and describe the advantages of the latter.
Type: Chapter
Creation Date: 2015
Item Details:
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/gr
Handle http://hdl.handle.net/11419/1588
Bibliographic Reference: Nikolaou, C., & Chouvardas, P. (2015). Analysis of genetic diversity [Chapter]. In Nikolaou, C., & Chouvardas, P. 2015. Computational Biology [Undergraduate textbook]. Kallipos, Open Academic Editions. https://hdl.handle.net/11419/1588
Language: Greek
Is Part of: Computational Biology
Number of pages 35
Publication Origin: Kallipos, Open Academic Editions