Title Details: | |
Patterns in biological sequences |
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Authors: |
Nikolaou, Christoforos Chouvardas, Panagiotis |
Reviewer: |
Bagkos, Panteleimon |
Description: | |
Abstract: |
In previous chapters, we discussed problems related to the composition and primary organization of biological sequences. We treated combinations of residues as "words" in biological texts and examined ways to analyze them and use them as indicators of origin and functionality at the genomic level. In this chapter, we will focus on studying precisely these words, which in biology we call "sequence motifs" in terms of function. The starting point of the chapter is the description of the function of transcription factor binding sites, small sequences that encode very specific messages in genomic sequences, and the definition of the concept of "pattern." Next, a series of problems related to these sequences will be formulated, concerning their description, their identification within larger sequences, and the assessment of their significance. The first part of the chapter discusses ways of describing patterns, such as consensus sequences and weight tables, and analyzes the "easy" problem of locating a known pattern in larger sequences. Next, at the mathematical level, we will introduce Information Theory and see how concepts such as Shannon Entropy and Information Content can be used to evaluate the significance of a sequence pattern. Having covered the "easy" problems, we will move on to the "difficult" problem of de novo discovery of an unknown pattern and examine different algorithms for solving it, with an emphasis on Monte Carlo-type random approaches such as Gibbs sampling. By the end of the chapter, you should be able to: Distinguish between consensus sequences and sequence patterns and recognize the differences between them. Create sequence pattern tables from sets of oligonucleotides and describe sequence patterns using them.
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Type: |
Chapter |
Creation Date: | 2015 |
Item Details: | |
License: |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/gr |
Handle | http://hdl.handle.net/11419/1581 |
Bibliographic Reference: | Nikolaou, C., & Chouvardas, P. (2015). Patterns in biological sequences [Chapter]. In Nikolaou, C., & Chouvardas, P. 2015. Computational Biology [Undergraduate textbook]. Kallipos, Open Academic Editions. https://hdl.handle.net/11419/1581 |
Language: |
Greek |
Is Part of: |
Computational Biology |
Number of pages |
33 |
Publication Origin: |
Kallipos, Open Academic Editions |